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→Names in a Name Type
{{stub}}<!--the handling of names has change in newer versions please update the content that it match with the up to date version of Gramps-->
The name of a person is a central concept in genealogy. In Gramps, you can enter name information in the '''Person Edit Dialog''' and from the {{man label|Names}} tab or the {{man button|Edit}} icon at the top of this dialog, you can jump to open the '''Name Edit Dialog'''.
[[File:Edit-person-window-example-existing-person-50.png|thumb|right|400px550px| Person Edit Dialog]][[File:NameEditor-dialog-example-50.png|thumb|right|400px450px| Name Edit Dialog]]
==Name Types==
A name is likely to be derived of a certain {{man label|Type}} or grouping. Some types of names are predefined:
* '''Birth Name''' ''(default)'': Name given at birth to a child, possibly recorded on a Birth certificate.
* '''Married Name''' : Name one adopts after marriage. In many cultures, it is customary that the officially used name of a spouse is changed to reflect some variation of the other spouse. Predominantly, this has been a public demonstration of obsequience by a wife that she tacitly agreed to [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coverture coverture] in patriarchal societies. (This pervasive masking of the wife's birth name also makes genealogical research of wives far more difficult.)
* '''Also Known As''' : An alias. Another name by which the person is recognized or acknowledged.
* '''Unknown''' : names needing more research to determine their derivation.
A name entered as an '''Also Known As''' type is frequently annotated with the ''aka'' acronym (the typographical convention preferred to a.k.a. or AKA by the Associated Press or the Merriam-Webster and Oxford English Dictionaries) in genealogical Sources. Some people have a preference for using that or 'Alias' instead of the longer 'Also Known As' form. Other people would rather see the 'a.k.a.', 'a/k/a', or 'AKA' typographically in reports which also print a label with the name {{man label|Type}}.
There are several types that have been proposed for the built-in list of name types over the years: derogatory, pejorative, clerical error, sic (for the Latin annotation ''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sic sic erat scriptum]'' meaning ''thus was it written''), typo, reversed/inverted/jumbled, patron name (for cultures prepending a Patron Saint's name), pen name, stage name, or professional name.
But it has seemed reasonable to keep the standard built-in list terse and compact. This makes a more less confusing menu... without unfamiliar and seldom used groupings to be learned. It also makes exploring a sequence of name {{man label|Type}} filters less involved. You can add custom entries for the just the types that will be meaningful when filtering names in your Tree.
==Names in a Name Type==
Within a name type, you have several fields to identify uniquely the name. The values in these various fields can be searched (individually or in combination) with the '''[[Gramps_5.2_Wiki_Manual_-_Filters#People_with_the_.3Cname.3E|People with the <name>]]''' rule in a [[Gramps_Glossary#filter|Custom Filter]].
===Family Name===
[[File:Preferences-display-tab-surname-guessing-options-highlighted-51.png|thumb|right|450px|Preferences > Display (tab) with "Surname Guessing:" dropdown options highlighted. ]]The family name is the part of the name which, according to law or cultural custom, is passed from parents to child. Gramps defaults to the [[Gramps_Glossary#patronymic|patronymic]] option, labeled ''{{man label|Father's surname}}'', in the {{man label|[[Gramps_{{Version manual}}_Wiki_Manual_-_Settings#Display|Display]]}} tab of the {{man menu|[[Gramps_{{Version manual}}_Wiki_Manual_-_Settings#Preferences|Preferences]]}} for {{man label|Surname guessing}}.
In the [[Gramps_{{Version manual}}_Wiki_Manual_-_Categories#People_Category|People category]] view, people are sorted based on this family name. In the case of cultures which do not use family names, one can [[Grouping_Surnames|use the grouping feature]] in the Name editor to design a name under which to group people from the same family.
{{-}}
===Prefix===
===Call Name===
{{man note|The accuracy of this section is contested --[[User:Duncan|DuncanNZ]] 09:49, 26 August 2008 (EDT)|We need to look in the email archive for a proper definition by the people who requested this feature. * Possibly? [https://sourceforge.net/p/gramps/mailman/message/8989135/ (Gramps-users) Callname marking] From: Joachim Breitner <2005-11-12 19:11:06}}
The ''Call name'' feature is inspired by the German word ''Rufname'' -- a compound of the words "anruf name" which literally translates to "Call name." And there is a similar Swedish structured concept known as ''tilltalsnamn'' -- a compound form of "tilltals namn" translating to "heard name." However, Gramps originated as an English product where there is no directly comparable analogue to this "Call Name." That makes the "Call Name" both a source of confusion to that community and harder to describe in English.
===Origin Attributes===
An optional attribute (characteristic) identifying how a name was culturally derived for a Person. The most commonly used Origin should be considered when making a
'''Surname Guessing''' choice in the [[Gramps_5.1_Wiki_Manual_Gramps_{{Version manual}}_Wiki_Manual_-_Settings#Display|Display tab of Preferences]].
Custom Origins may be typed in at any time. Pre-defined items of the origin selection menu include:
===Name Grouping===
In the name editor, one can override the default grouping of a person in the person view based on his Family Name. This is done by [[Grouping_Surnames|entering grouping information]].
===Translations===
Since families tend to migrate, it is useful when transcribing to be able recognize the various naming labels that might used on localized forms.
{| class="wikitable"
! <!-- ISO-639-1 --> Code
! <!-- Language --> Language
! <!-- Title --> Title
! <!-- Nick name --> Nick name
! <!-- Given name --> Given name
! <!-- Call name --> Call name
! <!-- Prefix --> Prefix
! <!-- Surname --> Surname
! <!-- Suffix --> Suffix
! <!-- Family nick name --> Family nick name
|-
|colspan="10" |
|-
|rowspan="2" |<!-- ISO-639-1 --><span style="float:left">de</span>
| <!-- Language --> {{#language:de}}
| <!-- Title --> Titel
| <!-- Nick name --> Spitznamen
| <!-- Given name --> Vorname
| <!-- Call name --> Rufname
| <!-- Prefix --> Präfix
| <!-- Surname --> Familiennamen
| <!-- Suffix --> Suffix
| <!-- Family nick name --> Familienspitzname
|-
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_language German]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|colspan="10" |
|-
|rowspan="2" |<!-- ISO-639-1 --><span style="float:left">en_US</span>
! <!-- Language --><span style="float:left">{{#language:en}}</span>
! <!-- Title --> Title
! <!-- Nick name --> Nick name
! <!-- Given name --> Given name
! <!-- Call name --> Call name
! <!-- Prefix --> Prefix
! <!-- Surname --> Surname
! <!-- Suffix --> Suffix
! <!-- Family nick name --> Family nick name
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_language English (American)]
| salutation
| nickname, street name, handle
| first & middle name, forename, Christian name
| commonly called
|
| last name, family name
|
|
|-
|colspan="10" |
|-
|rowspan="2" |<!-- ISO-639-1 --> en_GB
| <!-- Language --> {{#language:en}}
| <!-- Title --> Title
| <!-- Nick name --> Nick name
| <!-- Given name --> Given name
| <!-- Call name --> Call name
| <!-- Prefix --> Prefix
| <!-- Surname --> Surname
| <!-- Suffix --> Suffix
| <!-- Family nick name --> Family nick name
|-
| [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_English English (British)]
|}
[[Category:Gramps terminology]]
[[Category:Documentation]]
===See also===
* [[:Category:GEPS|GEPS]] [[GEPS_021:_Additional_Name_Fields|021:Additional Name Fields]]
* [[Names_Discussion|Names Discussion]]
* Starting discussion: [httphttps://sourceforge.net/p/gramps.1791082.n4.nabble.com/compound-surnames-portuguese-td1814349.html#a1814349 mailman/message/23205929/ compound surnames (Portuguese)]* Discussion: [httphttps://sourceforge.net/p/gramps/mailman/message/23504895/ Proposals for additional name fields]* "[https://www.1791082w3.n4.nabble.comorg/International/questions/Proposalsqa-personal-fornames Personal names around the world]" by Richard Ishida, W3C. 2011-additional08-17* Creating a display namecustom format for exception use. (Example: [https://gramps.discourse.group/t/names-formatting-fieldsalias-td1805382.html Proposals for additional name fieldssupporting/3055/2 Royalty, creating and using a "Reign Name" format])
Bug tickets:
* {{bug|0003161}}: please rename "patronymic" to "middle name"
* {{bug|0004598}}: new name format copies patronymic into surname as well as leaving it as a patronymic when importing
* {{bug|0008576}}: Extension to people naming schemes for Asians