Start with Genealogy/zh

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我怎样使用Gramps来管理家谱?

准备工作

如果你是刚刚开始整理你的家谱,最好先从你自己开始,然后再加入其它和你相关的人。

整理家谱最重要的事情之一就是记录你的信息是从哪里,及如何找到/推导出来的。这个也称为“来源”。因为日后你会再次使用这些信息,所以它显得特别重要。在信息中记录的来源的话,同样让其它人更相信你录入的信息的可靠性。

如果从你自己开始的话,你在“面试”你自己。这也是你的主要信息来源。从这个主要信息来源你可以得到出生日期、上学、毕业。。。等等。这个“来源”可以让你推导出其它人,比如你的家人。

从这里我们可以得到家谱的主要要素:来源,事件,成员及家庭。除此之外,Gramps还可以让你保存摘录,媒体(图片、录像,文档)及文库

让我们现在开始录入一些信息到Gramps中去。

创建家族树

(版本:3.3.1-1)

我们假定你已经安装好Gramps,并开始第一次使用。

首先,在工具栏点击第一个图标“连接最近的数据库”。在弹出的窗口中,点击右边的“New(新建)"按钮,然后在列表中输入你想要的名字。然后点右下角载入家族树按钮。Gramps就会打开你刚刚创建的家庭树。

Gramps的主窗口分成了几栏。工具栏在最上面,左边是导航栏,然后中间显示数据,右边还有一个侧边拦,然后最下面还有一栏用于Gramplets(我们以后会介绍Gramplets)。基本上所有这些都可以菜单”查看“来显示/隐藏起来。

创建一个来源

(版本:3.3.1-1)

因为我们从你自己开始,那样你自己就是信息的“来源”。从左边的导航栏点击“来源”图标,然后在工具栏点击 新增CTRL+插入 来打开编辑窗口。

我们假设你的名字是"张三",你现在开始作为一个“源源”采访你自己!让我们录入:

  • 名称: 张三的采访记录
  • 作者: 张三

然后点击OK

就这样你录入了你的第一个“来源“。在这个来源主窗口中你可以看到Gramps自动为你添加了一个编号(例如:S0001)。你可以在编辑->首选项->ID编号格式来改变它的格式。

在我们继续其它功能以前,让我们来改变下操作界面。点击工具栏配置现有选中视图,选中”上次修订“,然后也可以拖动它来改变顺序。

在来源中增加数据

(版本:3.3.1-1)

首先你要明白Gramps本身并不存储你的媒体文件,它仅仅保存一个指向你硬盘上媒体文件的链接。所以你可以把你的图片、录像或录音存放在任何目录。然后把菜单编辑->首选项的“相关媒体路径的基础路径”改到你存放媒体文件的目录。点击Close(关闭)按钮即可生效。注意分类整理好你的媒体目录。

现在让我们继续录入来源数据。双击“张三的采访记录”或直接选中然后按回车。注意下半部分有:注解,图库,属性,文库及参照。 让我们加一张你自己的照片进去。

点击图库 ,然后再点击“添加”图标就会弹出一个对话框来选择照片。对话框的下面有一个“标题”可以修改名字,比如“张三的照片”。记得选中“转换成相对路径”。点击OK。然后你会看到一个“参照媒体编辑器”窗口。你可以在这上面截图,比如从合照中截出你自己的头像。点击OK 回到之前的窗口。

你可以在图库中增加Word文档,但你最好是把文字类的信息存放到注解中去。这样可以以后搜索其中的内容。点击注解的“创建”图标然后你就可以录入文字了。

一切完成后就点击OK,这样你的来源“张三的采访记录”就有了图片和文字说明。

你可以再次打开编辑窗口来查看这些图片和文字说明。另一个查看方法是在Gramps的底栏显示。点击菜单“查看/底栏”即可。你可以看到有不同的栏目来显示信息。有一个叫做“Gramplets”,Gramplets是一个小插件可以完成各种不同的任务。你可以在底栏右键鼠标来加入Gramplets。

Time for your first Person

(版本:3.3.1-1)

So much done, and not yet one single person is present in your family tree! Time to change that. Let's add yourself. As all information you will add comes from the source 'Interview with John Doe', we first store this in an easy to reach place. In the toolbar click on the Clipboard icon to open the clipboard. Drag and drop, from the source view, the source 'Interview with John Doe', into the Clipboard. Your source is now stored in the Clipboard and this window can be closed.

In the Navigator, click on the Person icon to see the person view. Note that on the Toolbar there is a pressed-in button (3rd button from the right) indicating the type of person view you have activated. Try the other possibility once to see what changes. Many Categories in the Navigator have more than one view!

Click now on the Add button on the Toolbar to add your first person. You now see the person editor, and the top part of this should be what you expect: all information about the name of this person. So, type in your given name, and your surname. If you are eg. Spanish and have a very long surname, then click on the Add icon after the surname to enter multiple surnames. See the manual for more details. Now select your Gender.

As you enter data, you need to add where you obtained this data (Source). For this, click on the Sources tab, then open the Clipboard from the Toolbar, drag the source you stored in the clipboard, into the area under ID |Title | Auth | Page of the Person Editor. This will open up the 'Source Reference Editor'. The bottom part of this editor is the same source as already entered, but the top part is new, and contains the data on how the information of the person was found in this source and how certain you are of it. For this interview you can set Confidence to Very High.

You already have a picture of yourself, as you added it to the source. You can now add this same picture to this Person record you are creating. For this, click on the Gallery tab of the person editor, and click on the Share button. This will open a list of all media objects. Select the one you made earlier and click OK to store everything. You could also have used the clipboard: or by adding the picture there from the media view, or by adding the media reference in the clipboard by dragging it from the gallery of an object to the clipboard, and then using it from there where you need it.

Save everything by clicking OK until you see the main Gramps view again.

Events

(版本:3.3.1-1)

Next, you will want to add your birthday. For this, open the person editor of yourself, by double clicking on your name. Note that the Events tab is open. Click on the Add icon to add an event. Gramps preselects the birth event for the first event that you want to add. Enter your birth date as: (12/31/1900 - Month/Day/Year) or (1 Jan 1900 - Day Month Year). If you use Day Month Year, the Month must be entered with the first 3 letters only or it must be spelled out completely.

You can also click on the Calendar button on the right. This window allows you to select the Day Month and Year with a drop-down menu. When using this make sure that the Quality is set to Regular and Type is also set to Regular. After entering your birth date in the calendar window, click on OK to save it.

Next, because you have no Places in your database you need to create one. Knowing the place where you were born, click on the Add icon after the Place entry to create this place. Enter places as City/Town, Township, County, State, Country or any combination of these. Such as Germantown, German Township (Twp), Montgomery County (Co.), Ohio, USA. Being consistent when adding places will be helpful later when you can select these from the Select an existing place icon. Adding latitude and longitude will allow these places to be positioned on a map later.

Don't forget to Source this. Click the Source tab, open the Clipboard, drag and drop your source, select the Confidence level, and save both the Source and then the new place with the OK buttons.

Note that the editor that has been open is the Event Reference Editor. This means that there is a global part that you can share with other people (the bottom of the editor), and a top part which is unique to the person. This top part is used to enter the Role of the person in the event. In your own birth, you have the primary role. If you know the name of people helping in the birth, and you want to store these people also, you can share this event with them, with a Role of Aide. You can type a custom role in the Role field if you are not happy with the predefined possibilities.

Again, add a source to the event via the Sources tab, like you did before. As you have no real recollection of your own birth, the interview should not have confidence 'Very High'! You would need to add a birth document as source for that.

When done, click OK to save the event, and then again to save the person, and you have your first full person record.

Family

You now have entered yourself, time to add your parents. You could add your father and mother as you added yourself, and then connect them in a family, but most people will do things in one go via the RelationshipsRelationship View or the ChartsPedigree View. Let's go to the Relationship view: select yourself in the person view, and then in the navigator, select the relationship view. This view has a toolbar that allows to add parents or to add a spouse. Click on the Add parents icon to open the family editor.

In the family editor you will see that you are present in the Children tab. Use the Add icon next to father and mother to add them as you have added yourself. Use the Add icon in the Children tab to add your siblings. You need to use drag-and-drop to sort siblings in the order as you want them to appear in reports (normally oldest to youngest I suppose).

In the family editor you can also add events. We call these family events as they are shared by the two parents. Typically this is Engagement, Marriage, .... In these the Role is 'Family'. It is not needed to add these events also individually to the two parents!

When done, click OK to save the family, and you will return to the relationship view with all the extra information visible. From within this view you can navigate to other people and keep enlarging your family tree.

A report

Now that you have a first small family tree, make a report. Go to the oldest grandparent you have in the relationship view or the person view (you can set bookmarks on people and set a home person!). With this person selected, go in the menu Reports->Text Reports->Detailed descendant report, to create a nice textual descendant report.

What next?

Gramps has many features, as you improve, take the time to go over the manual and learn more. Use the mailing list to discuss issues.

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